President Nixons Secret Bombing of Cambodia Essay -- American America

In the 1960s and 1970s, the most controversial war the United States had ever been involved in during its rich two-hundred year history would engulf the country, ultimately leading to the collapse of a president, and the division of a nation. The Vietnam War was a military struggle fought in Vietnam and neighboring countries from 1959-1975 involving the North Vietnamese and NLF (National Liberation Front) versus the United States and the South Vietnamese ("The Vietnam..."). In 1969, newly elected President Richard M. Nixon, aiming to achieve "peace with honor" in Vietnam, began to put his "Vietnamization" policy into place -- removing the number of American military personnel in the country and transferring combat roles to the South Vietnamese ("Speeches..."). But at the same time, Nixon resumed the secret bombing of North Vietnam and launched B-52 bombing raids over Cambodia, intending to wipe out NLF and North Vietnamese base camps along the border. The intensive secret bombing, co denamed Operation Menu, lasted for four years and was intentionally concealed from the American public; meanwhile, Nixon ordered the invasion of Cambodia by United States troops, arguing that it was necessary to protect the security of American units. This invasion into an allegedly neutral country was cause for much protest in the States, especially on college campuses such as Kent State University, where students rioted and held walk-outs. Ultimately, the secret bombing of neutral Cambodia was deliberately conducted without the consent of Congress, violating the articles outlined in the United States Constitution, and would have been grounds for impeachment had Nixon not resigned under the cloud of the Watergate scandal in August of 1974 ("Richard M.... ...ple Mystified as Direct U.S. Role Ends At a Time of Military Adversity. New York Times 15 August 1973. Public Broadcasting System (PBS). The American Experience: Vietnam. <http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/vietnam/109ts.html> Accessed 5 March 2001. Richard M. Nixon: Foreign Affairs. Encyclopedia Britannica Online. <http://www.britannica.com/bcom/eb/article/3/0,5716,57373+6+55968,00.html> Accessed 3 March 2001. Speeches by Richard M. Nixon: Vietnamization. Texas A&M University. <http://www.tamu.edu/scom/pres/speeches/rmnvietnam.html> Accessed 4 March 2001. The Vietnam War. Encyclopedia Britannica Online. <http://www.britannica.com/bcom/eb/article/0/0,5716,77300+1+75317,00.html> Accessed 3 March 2001. Vassar College. President Nixons Speech on Cambodia: April 30, 1970. <http://students.vassar.edu/~vietnam/doc15.html> Accessed 28 February 2001.

Cda Goal 6

Goal VI. Maintaining a Commitment to Professionalism Functional Area 13: Professionalism: Candidate makes decisions based on the knowledge of early childhood theories and practices; promotes quality in child care services; and takes advantage of opportunities to improve competence, both for personal and professional growth and for the benefit of children and families. I enjoy working with young children at my center, and I love teaching them new things and watching them get excited when they do something right or learn. I keep a positive attitude, because it is what is best for them to be around. I also try to help promote a positive atmosphere throughout the center. I strive to learn more about the development of children in my age group by reading articles and taking classes that will further my understanding. I keep informed about any new regulations that may have been put out. When I feel that a child needs any outside resources, such as speech therapy, I find that information for the parents and set up conferences to discuss options. I try to take care of myself so I have the energy to be effective in my classroom. I try to cooperate with other staff members in the center to make my classroom, as well as other rooms, the best it can be. I try to take criticism and learn from it, such as evaluations from supervisors and self evaluations of goals I have set for my classroom. I try to honor the philosophy of our program on a daily basis to the best of my ability.

Mega Trends in Fashion

T4 MEGATRENDS 1. Celebrity Culture: Celebrity culture means that common people want to look and feel like celebrities. This affects a shift in consumer behavior and marketing. People are more likely to purchase garments if celebrities are seen wearing them than the consumers’ personal taste. This new celebrity obsession will drive consumers to buy the latest worn garment their most admired celebrity is wearing. This change in consumer behavior will have to be taken into consideration when companies advertise as they will be more likely to sell a product if celebrities are used in the advertising campaign rather than a ordinary model.Celebrities are influencing design, advertising and distribution. 2. Social networking: Social networking is the fastest growing trend. Most the population are engaged in some sort of social networking whether it be facebook, twitter, pintrest or blogs. Due to social media, word-of-mouth promotion is a new phenomenon, which can either have positive , or negative outcomes for companies. The constant sharing and use of images/ideas/technologies means less promotion and marketing is needed by companies to distribute their products.This is the case as everyone has instant updates and access to the latest trends. Companies do not have to exert their effort into promotion, as consumers are already in the know. 3. Global Financial Crisis: Due to the current financial issue, many people are left unemployed and redundant. Many people have had to re-budget and re think their expenditure. Many people have had to restructure the way their families live and have had to cut down on many unnecessary expenses.Fashion is one of the first categories that people cut down on. Food and housing are seen as essentials and fashion is seen as a luxury. Thins being the case, people don’t have the money to buy and spend, making it difficult for fashion houses to remain open as they have a dwindling clientele. 4. Satiability: Sustainability and th e environment have become most topical in todays world. With this knowledge, consumers want more company transparency.Consumers want to be aware of the origins of their purchases as they care about human rights and the environment. Consumers want to be able to reuse and recycle clothing. The notion of vintage clothing has become very trendy as consumers realize that old clothes are still wearable and are of quality. The notion of fast fashion is disturbing the environmentally friendly consumers, as high levels of waste are prevalent. Companies are being forced to reassess the ethics of their sourcing, manufacturing and distribution processes.

Free Essays on Casual Dress

Think of an executive, a lawyer, an accountant, and other professionals who provide an image of high status associated with their occupations. If I were to ask you to give me a description of what their outer appearance would be like in today’s environment, could you? You might be surprised to discover your mental picture differs quite a bit from the current style of today’s workplace. Despite the constant changes in the corporate and professional dress code that take place every year, I still perceive the professional businessman such as a senior executive to be clothed from head to toe in the traditional formal attire. The images of dark colored two-piece suits, matching ties, mid-length skirts, and shiny leather shoe and heels still lingers from my upbringing; labels that will forever convey to me a sense of intelligence, education, and professionalism in a highly regarded field. There is this growing trend in the corporate industries that has brought up many controversial debates. The trend of â€Å"casualization† has spread through corporate America like wildfire. Dressing down in the corporate workplace is not just for Fridays anymore nor is it solely reserved for Internet start-ups alone. The trend may have begun at Silicon Valley during the sixties, with computer companies allowing their employees to dress more comfortably to promote productivity and creativity. It has now come to transform many of today’s Law firms, brokerage houses, and other corporate companies from all across America. There are an abundance of respectable and influential arguments both for and against casual dress codes in the workplace. My feelings on this issue are quite mixed at this current moment. In order to better understand this topic let us first define this term â€Å"casual dress.† Casual dress generally means that employees can ditch their uncomfortable and expensive business suits, skirts and blazers or mid-length dresses, bla... Free Essays on Casual Dress Free Essays on Casual Dress Think of an executive, a lawyer, an accountant, and other professionals who provide an image of high status associated with their occupations. If I were to ask you to give me a description of what their outer appearance would be like in today’s environment, could you? You might be surprised to discover your mental picture differs quite a bit from the current style of today’s workplace. Despite the constant changes in the corporate and professional dress code that take place every year, I still perceive the professional businessman such as a senior executive to be clothed from head to toe in the traditional formal attire. The images of dark colored two-piece suits, matching ties, mid-length skirts, and shiny leather shoe and heels still lingers from my upbringing; labels that will forever convey to me a sense of intelligence, education, and professionalism in a highly regarded field. There is this growing trend in the corporate industries that has brought up many controversial debates. The trend of â€Å"casualization† has spread through corporate America like wildfire. Dressing down in the corporate workplace is not just for Fridays anymore nor is it solely reserved for Internet start-ups alone. The trend may have begun at Silicon Valley during the sixties, with computer companies allowing their employees to dress more comfortably to promote productivity and creativity. It has now come to transform many of today’s Law firms, brokerage houses, and other corporate companies from all across America. There are an abundance of respectable and influential arguments both for and against casual dress codes in the workplace. My feelings on this issue are quite mixed at this current moment. In order to better understand this topic let us first define this term â€Å"casual dress.† Casual dress generally means that employees can ditch their uncomfortable and expensive business suits, skirts and blazers or mid-length dresses, bla...

Learn About the Falklands War

Learn About the Falklands War Fought in 1982, the Falklands War was the result of the Argentine invasion of the British-owned Falkland Islands. Located in the South Atlantic, Argentina had long claimed these islands as part of its territory. On April 2, 1982, Argentine forces landed in the Falklands, capturing the islands two days later. In response, the British dispatched a naval and amphibious task force to the area. The initial phases of the conflict occurred mainly at sea between elements of the Royal Navy and the Argentine Air Force. On May 21, British troops landed and by June 14 had compelled the Argentine occupiers to surrender. Dates The Falklands War began on April 2, 1982, when Argentine troops landed in the Falkland Islands. The fighting ended on June 14, following the British liberation of the islands capital, Port Stanley, and the surrender of Argentine forces in the Falklands. The British declared a formal end to military activity on June 20. Prelude and Invasion In early 1982, President Leopoldo Galtieri, the head of Argentinas ruling military junta, authorized the invasion of the British Falkland Islands. The operation was designed to draw attention away from human rights and economic issues at home by bolstering national pride and giving teeth to the nations long-held claim on the islands. After an incident between British and Argentine forces on nearby South Georgia Island, Argentine forces landed in the Falklands on April 2. The small garrison of Royal Marines resisted, however by April 4 the Argentines had captured the capital at Port Stanley. Argentine troops also landed on South Georgia and quickly secured the island. British Response After organizing diplomatic pressure against Argentina, Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher ordered the assembly of a naval task force to retake the islands. After the House of Commons voted to approve Thatchers actions on April 3, she formed a War Cabinet which first met three days later. Commanded by Admiral Sir John Fieldhouse, the task force consisted of several groups, the largest of which was centered on the aircraft carriers HMS Hermes and HMS Invincible. Led by Rear Admiral Sandy Woodward, this group contained the Sea Harrier fighters that would provide air cover for the fleet. In mid-April, Fieldhouse began moving south, with a large fleet of tankers and cargo ships to supply the fleet while it operated more than 8,000 miles from home. All told, 127 ships served in the task force including 43 warships, 22 Royal Fleet Auxiliaries, and 62 merchant vessels. First Shots As the fleet sailed south to its staging area at Ascension Island, it was shadowed by Boeing 707s from the Argentine Air Force. On April 25, British forces sank the submarine ARA Santa Fe near South Georgia shortly before troops led by Major Guy Sheridan of the Royal Marines liberated the island. Five days later, operations against the Falklands began with the Black Buck raids by RAF Vulcan bombers flying from Ascension. These saw the bombers strike the runway at Port Stanley and radar facilities in the area. That same day Harriers attacked various targets, as well as shot down three Argentine aircraft. As the runway at Port Stanley was too short for modern fighters, the Argentine Air Force was forced to fly from the mainland, which placed them at a disadvantage throughout the conflict (Map). Fighting at Sea While cruising west of the Falklands on May 2, the submarine HMS Conqueror spotted the light cruiser ARA General Belgrano. Conqueror fired three torpedoes, hitting the World War II-vintage Belgrano twice and sinking it. This attack led to the Argentine fleet, including the carrier  ARA Veinticinco de Mayo, remaining in port for the rest of the war. Two days later, they had their revenge when an Exocet anti-ship missile, launched from an Argentine Super Étendard fighter, struck HMS Sheffield setting it ablaze. Having been ordered forward to serve as a radar picket, the destroyer was hit amidships and the resulting explosion severed its high-pressure fire main. After attempts to stop the fire failed, the ship was abandoned. The sinking of Belgrano cost 323 Argentines killed, while the attack on Sheffield resulted in 20 British dead. Landing at San Carlos Water On the night of May 21, the British Amphibious Task Group under the command of Commodore Michael Clapp moved into Falkland Sound and began landing British forces at San Carlos Water on the northwest coast of East Falkland. The landings had been preceded by a Special Air Service (SAS) raid on nearby Pebble Islands airfield. When the landings had finished, approximately 4,000 men, commanded by Brigadier Julian Thompson, had been put ashore. Over the next week, the ships supporting the landings were hit hard by low-flying Argentine aircraft. The sound was soon dubbed Bomb Alley as HMS Ardent (May 22), HMS Antelope (May 24), and HMS Coventry (May 25) all sustained hits and were sunk, as was MV Atlantic Conveyor (May 25) with a cargo of helicopters and supplies. Goose Green, Mount Kent, and Bluff Cove/Fitzroy Thompson began pushing his men south, planning to secure the western side of the island before moving east to Port Stanley. On May 27/28, 600 men under Lieutenant Colonel Herbert Jones outfought over 1,000 Argentines around Darwin and Goose Green, ultimately forcing them to surrender. Leading a critical charge, Jones was killed later received the Victoria Cross posthumously. A few days later, British commandos defeated Argentine commandos on Mount Kent. In early June, an additional 5,000 British troops arrived and command shifted to Major General Jeremy Moore. While some of these troops were disembarking at Bluff Cove and Fitzroy, their transports, RFA Sir Tristram and RFA Sir Galahad, were attacked killing 56 (Map). Fall of Port Stanley After consolidating his position, Moore began the assault on Port Stanley. British troops launched simultaneous assaults on the high ground surrounding the town on the night of June 11. After heavy fighting, they succeeded in capturing their objectives. The attacks continued two nights later, and British units took the towns last natural lines of defense at Wireless Ridge and Mount Tumbledown. Encircled on land and blockaded at sea, the Argentine commander, General Mario Menà ©ndez, realized his situation was hopeless and surrendered his 9,800 men on June 14, effectively ending the conflict. Aftermath and Casualties In Argentina, the defeat led to the removal of Galtieri three days after the fall of Port Stanley. His downfall spelled the end for the military junta that had been ruling the country and paved the way for the restoration of democracy. For Britain, the victory provided a much-needed boost to its national confidence, reaffirmed its international position, and assured victory for the Thatcher Government in the 1983 elections. The settlement that ended the conflict called for a return to status quo ante bellum. Despite its defeat, Argentina still claims the Falklands and South Georgia. During the war, Britain suffered 258 killed and 777 wounded. In addition, two destroyers, two frigates, and two auxiliary vessels were sunk. For Argentina, the Falklands War cost 649 killed, 1,068 wounded, and 11,313 captured. In addition, the Argentine Navy lost a submarine, a light cruiser, and seventy-five fixed-wing aircraft.

MARKETING ACROSS CULTURES Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

MARKETING ACROSS CULTURES - Assignment Example If one looks at the culture of the country then it is found that it is a mix of western and Hispanic cultures. Other advantage of the country lies in the fact that it is a stable democracy and the market offers size and diversity that should be very much appreciated. However it is very difficult to find a single distributor or agent that can cover the huge market. Mexico is one of the two largest markets in the Latin America and is a market that is characterised by high growth potential on one hand but a risky economic and political environment. It is also found that the legal system in Mexico is very different from that exists in UK and it is also found that the culture of the country is also very different. It is also found that the external environment of the company plays an important role in the company deciding on the marketing strategy. In order for the company to expand in the Mexican market it is important for the company to develop and try to maintain close relationship with the customers and partners of the business. It is found that the Mexicans in general prefer to receive direct communication in the form of direct telephone calls and face to face meetings. It is also found that the companies in Mexico are extremely conscious of the price and also tend to seek financing activities and also desire exclusive agreements. It is also found that the businesses value service and flexibility. For entry into the market the company can either use equity modes or non equity modes. Equity modes that the company can use to enter into the market will be in the form of Joint ventures, or wholly owned subsidiaries (Peng, Wang, Jiang, 2008). Non equity modes of entry that the company can use will be in the form of exporting to the country and contractual agreements (LÃ ©vesque and Shepherd, 2004). Each of the modes that are said above has unique advantages and disadvantages associated with it (Sakarya, Eckman and Hyllegard,

HST 321-Modern History of China(Final Examination Take-Home Component) Essay

HST 321-Modern History of China(Final Examination Take-Home Component) - Essay Example This difference of ideologies between the reds and the experts, affected every aspect of Chinese life and more specifically it was key in the revolutions that were witnessed in the history of china. The ideologies were also seen to be affecting the literature in China. In fact, from the year 1949 when the when the communist leadership led by the Chinese Communist Party, there was a change in the education system so that it included the changing the curriculum of literature from the liberal literature to the study of systematic Chinese literature. This of course affected the literature and arts that are produced by the people who studied the two different curricula. The aim of the CCP was to make sure that the education system resembled that of the Soviet Union since both were communist states. Apart from changing the curriculum for those that were studying the government under the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party also tried to control the literature produced by the established writers and actors. Literature or arts that did not seem to be revolutionary or that went against the communist ideologies which were actually redness in this case was unaccepted and could not be published. Writers and artists were urged to take a stand and pick a political standpoint in their literature, literature that seemed to be lukewarm were seen by the government as empty and could not pass the required message to the readers and was therefore not published. The only form of literature that could be published are those that praised the communist ideologies or those that called the readers to act against anti- socialistic ideas. The government was doing all this in order to try and maintain the people’s minds on the communistic ideas. The communist government did not want the scientist or other scholars who included the artist who were open minded about both the socialism and communism to